= Linux Hands - On =

Through this hands-on you will install Ubuntu Server on a vm and you will make additional two clones of the installed ubuntu server for your lab sessions in next two days. 

== Setting up virtualbox ==

=== Installation of virtualbox and Downloading Ubuntu iso image ===
 - Download and install virtualbox 5.0.x
 - Download Ubuntu image from the LEARN mirror
 - Note down the location of downloaded iso file 

=== Creating the VM ===
 - Start virtualbox and Click on New button (at top-right) to create new virtual machine
 - Enter name of the VM as: '''linux.'your domain'.ws.learn.ac.lk'''. You can get your domain from [wiki:ipallocation here]

 eg: linux.user1.ws.learn.ac.lk

 - Select OS Type: '''Linux'''
 - Select Version: '''Ubuntu (64-bit)'''
 - Then click on '''Continue''' button
 - Set VM's memory size to '''1024MB''' and click on Continue button
 - Set VM's hard disk option to '''Create a virtual hard disk now''' and then click on '''Continue'''
 - Select disk type to '''VDI'''
 - Select storage type to '''Fixed size''' and '''Continue'''
 - Make sure virtual hard disk file name in following format
 '''linux.'your domain'.ws.learn.ac.lk'''
 - adjust the disk size to '''10.0GB''' and click on '''Create''' to create the VM

This might take couple of minutes

(Note down the location of vdi image file when virtualbox flashes it on the screen)

=== Setting up Network Interface ===

 - Select the VM from left panel on Virtual box, right click and open '''Settings'''
 - Click on the '''Network''' title
 - On '''Adapter 1''' While ''Enable'' Network Adapter selected choose Attached to be '''Bride Adapter'''. This virtual interface will work as the WAN port of the firewall (Can be connect from out side).

=== Setting up boot device and Booting===

 - Click on '''Storage''' title and select '''CD ROM icon''' under the '''Controller:IDE''' Click on CD ROM icon under the '''Attribute''' on the left side to select
 - Choose '''Virtual Optical Disk File'''
 - Locate the '''Ubuntu CD Image''' file you downloaded from the LEARN ftp
 - Right click on VM to make a '''Normal Start''' VM. You should now see a separate window with Installation screen

=== Initial Installation options ===

 - Select '''English''' as language for the installation wizard
 - Select '''Ubuntu Server'''
 - Select '''English''' for VM's OS language
 - Select location by '''Others->Asia->Sri Lanka'''
 - Keep locales as default '''United States'''
 - Press '''No''' for configure Keyboard
 - Select '''English (US)''' for country of origin for the keyboard
Now it might take sometime to detect the hardware and load the necessary Linux modules

Note that it configure network with DCHP

 - Type host name as: '''linux.'your domain'.ws.learn.ac.lk'''
 - When it asked, add a User by entering Your '''Name, your username, password'''
 - You may select '''No''' for not to encrypt home directory
 - Select '''Yes''' confirm the time-zone 

=== Disk Configuration ===

    Your have 10GB hard drive previously configured for your VM
 - Select '''Manual'''
 - Select the Disk '''SCSI3(0,0,0) (sda) - 10.0 GB ATA VBOX HARDDISK''' and Select '''Yes''' to create new partition table
 - Select Free Space to create following partitions and mount them as follows. Use EXT4 for all partitions except for SWAP partition
    * a primary partition for /boot 512MB - turn on Bootable flag
    * a primary partition for Linux SWAP (two times the RAM) SWAP 2GB
    * a primary partition for Linux Logical Volume for remaining disk space.
 - Then use Logical Volume Manager to create a Volume Group named as "linux" and logical volumes for followings
    * a logical volume root for / 2GB
    * a logical volume usr for /usr 3GB
    * a logical volume var for /var rest of the free space
 - Get above partitions mounted as /, /usr and /var with the file system EXT4 selected.
 - Then finish the partitioning and confirm it to write to the disk 

Now it might take sometime to install the OS base. 

=== Final Configuration ===

 - At the package manager, click '''Continue''' not to use any proxy settings
Again it might take times to install rest of the packages.
 - Select '''No''' automatic updates
 - Select only
        a. standard system utilities
        b. OpenSSH server
Wait until it finished the installation of software
 - Finally install/setup the GRUB boot loader by selecting '''Yes'''
 - Finish the installation of Ubuntu by selecting '''Continue'''
VM now should restart with the newly installed OS.

You may now login using your credentials

=== Create the Additional VMs ===

    You will now easily create the second VM using VM cloning. This VM is for your Web Server which will be used for hands-on tomorrow.
 - First Power off/shutdown your VM
 - Right click on the VM to select Clone option
 - Assign new name as web."your domain".ws.ac.lk
 - Check "Reinitialize the MAC address for all network cards
 - And then click on Continue
 - Select Full clone
This might take sometime to create the new virtual disk image (vdi) file. Note that your new VM is same as your previous one. You have to change host name, ip addresses, etc accordingly.
 - When the cloning finished, start you new VM and do following to change the host name
 - edit /etc/hostname file and change host name to web. You may use vi or nano editor.
 - also edit /etc/hosts file to change 127.0.0.1 pc."your domain".ws.ac.lk pc to 127.0.0.1 web."your domain".ws.ac.lk 

You can follow the same steps and create the third VM to use as the ldap Server. Note the following changes.

 - Assign new name as ldap."your domain".ws.ac.lk
 - edit /etc/hostname file and change host name to web. You may use vi or nano editor.
 - also edit /etc/hosts file to change 127.0.0.1 pc."your domain".ws.ac.lk pc to 127.0.0.1 ldap."your domain".ws.ac.lk 

'''Note''': For this Hands-on you only need your pc(pc."your domain.ws.ac.lk") VM. Please shut down the additional VM's

=== Setting UP IP Addresses ===

Edit /etc/network/interfaces files to include your IP addresses in your PC
Get your IP address from the [wiki:ipallocation IP table]
{{{
iface eth0 inet static


    address 192.248.x.x 
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    network 192.248.6.0
    broadcast 192.248.6.255
    gateway 192.248.6.254
    dns-nameservers 192.248.1.161
    dns-search yourdmain 
}}}
When you completed the IP settings of both VMs, restart them and then login to confirm correct IP settings.