Changes between Version 5 and Version 6 of ubuntuinstall

Timestamp:

Nov 17, 2016, 5:58:34 AM (8 years ago)

Author:

admin

Comment:

--

ubuntuinstall

@@ -206 +206 @@
 }}}
 
+=== File Editing ===
+
+The vi editor is installed on almost every Unix. Linux will very often install vim (vi
+improved) which is similar. Every system administrator should know vi(m), because it is
+an easy tool to solve problems.
+
+'''vi Commands and Tips'''
+{{{
+Open:  
+
+vi filename             (fn=filename)
+vi -r filename          Recover a file from a crashed session
+vi + filename           Place the cursor on last line of file.
+vi +n filename          Place the cursor on line "n" of file.
+vi +/pat filename       Place cursor on line with first occurrence of "pat"tern
+
+Close:
+
+:w                      Write the file to disk. Don't exit.
+:w!                     Write the file to disk even if read/only.
+:wq                     Write the file to disk and exit.
+:wq!                    Write the file to disk even if read/only and quit.
+:q                      Quit the file (only if no changes).
+:q!                     Quit the file even if changes.
+
+Movement:
+
+A                       Move to end of line, change to insert mode.
+h                       Move 1 space backwards (back/left arrow).
+j                       Move down 1 line (down arrow).
+k                       Move up 1 line (up arrow).
+l                       Move 1 space forwards (forward/right arrow)
+w                       Move cursor to start of next word.
+W                       Same as "w".
+b                       Move cursor to start of previous word.
+B                       Same as "b".
+:n                      Go to line number "n" in the file.
+
+Editing:
+
+i                       Enter in to input mode.
+o                       Add a line below cursor and enter in to input mode.
+x                       Delete character (del key in some cases).
+D                       Delete line from right of cursor to end of line.
+dd                      Delete entire line.
+u                       Undo last edit or restore current line.
+yy                      Yank current line.
+p                       Put yanked text before the cursor.
+
+Searching:
+
+/pattern               Search for "pattern" in the file going forwards.
+?pattern               Search for "pattern" in the file going backwards.
+n                      Find the next occurrence of pattern found forwards.
+N                      Find next occurrence of pattern found backwards.
+
+Copy/Cut and Paste
+<NUM>yyp               Copy n lines to buffer, paste below cursor
+<NUM>yyP               Copy n lines to buffer, paste above cursor
+<NUM>ddp               Cut n lines and copy to buffer, paste below cursor
+<NUM>ddP               Cut n lines and copy to buffer, paste above cursor
+}}}
+ 
+==== Practice Using vi ====
+
+'''Remember The vi editor uses "modes"'''
+
+The easiest thing to do if you get confused in vi is to press the ESCape key a couple of times and start over with what you were doing. Log in to your VM and...
+{{{
+$ cd
+$ vi temp.txt
+}}}
+vi wil create the file “temp.txt” for you. Press the "i" key to switch to input mode.
+{{{
+    Type something like, "VI is great! I think I'll be using vi from now on instead of Word”
+    Press <ENTER> to add lines.
+    Type some more text
+}}}
+Save the file that you are in. To do this do:
+
+Press the ESCape key for command mode Type “:wq” then hit Enter to save and quit the file (notice the “:” before the “wq”).
+
+Copy a large file to your home directory so that you can play around with some more vi commands. We'll copy over your /etc/sysctl.conf file for this exercise. To do this do:
+{{{
+$ cd 
+$ cp /etc/sysctl.conf sysctl.conf.bak
+}}}
+Edit the file, but let's start at the bottom of the file:
+{{{
+$ vi + sysctl.conf.bak 
+}}}
+Go to the first line of the file. Notice the colon (“:”) before the “1”.
+{{{
+:1 <ENTER>
+}}}
+Go to line 10, add a new line, and add in some text:
+{{{
+:10 <ENTER>
+Press the “o” key
+}}}
+Add the following text:
+{{{
+## 
+## A sample comment
+##
+}}}
+Delete the three lines you just created:
+
+    Move to the first line of new text
+    Press the ESCape key
+    Press “dd” to delete a line, repeat until the text is gone
+
+Save the file, but don’t exit.
+{{{
+    :w 
+    press <ENTER>
+}}}
+Practice copying and pasting text.
+
+Go to line 12, copy 3 lines of text, go to the bottom of the file, place the text there:
+{{{
+    ESC         (go to command mode)
+    :12 <ENTER> (go to line 12 of the file)
+    3yy         (“yank” 3 lines of text and place in copy buffer)
+    G           (go to the end of the file)
+    p           (place the contents of the copy buffer here)    
+}}}
+If want to undo this you would type (in command mode):
+{{{
+    u
+}}}
+Go to the top of the file, replace all occurrences of “ipv4” with “ipv6”, but prompt for each change:
+{{{
+    ESC
+    :1 <ENTER>
+    :%s/ipv4/ipv6/gc
+}}}
+Say “yes” or “no” to a few prompts then escape from this mode by pressing ctrl-c and .
+
+Go to line 1, search for “kernel”, move to the end of the line, add some text:
+{{{
+    ESC
+    :1 <ENTER>
+    /kernel
+    SHIFT-A
+    “text here”
+    ESC
+}}}
+Now let’s exit from the file and not save the few changes we’ve made.
+{{{
+    :q! <ENTER>
+}}}
+
 === Setting UP IP Addresses ===
 
@@ -211 +364 @@
 Get your IP address from the [wiki:ipallocation IP table]
 {{{
+
 iface eth0 inet static