Changes between Initial Version and Version 1 of NspwUprouse/Agenda/ssh

Timestamp:

Sep 4, 2021, 10:50:41 PM (3 years ago)

Author:

admin

Comment:

--

NspwUprouse/Agenda/ssh

@@ +1 @@
+= Secure SHell (SSL) =
+
+In this lab we are using your host machine as the ssh client and your Ubuntu VM as the ssh server. Download following applications 
+ - [https://the.earth.li/~sgtatham/putty/latest/w64/putty.exe PuTTY] (the Telnet and SSH client itself)
+ - [https://the.earth.li/~sgtatham/putty/latest/w64/puttygen.exe PuTTYgen] (an RSA and DSA key generation utility
+
+== Setting up virtualbox ==
+
+=== Installation of VirtualBox and Downloading Ubuntu iso image ===
+ - Download and install VirtualBox
+ - Download Ubuntu image from [https://releases.ubuntu.com/20.04.3/ubuntu-20.04.3-live-server-amd64.iso here]
+ - Note down the location of the downloaded iso file 
+
+=== Creating the VM ===
+ - Start virtualbox and Click on New button (at top-right) to create new virtual machine
+ - Enter name of the VM as: '''Ubuntu'''.
+ - Select OS Type: '''Linux'''
+ - Select Version: '''Ubuntu (64-bit)'''
+ - Then click on '''Continue''' button
+ - Set VM's memory size to '''1024MB''' and click on Continue button
+ - Set VM's hard disk option to '''Create a virtual hard disk now''' and then click on '''Continue'''
+ - Select disk type to '''VDI'''
+ - Select storage type to '''Fixed size''' and '''Continue'''
+ - Make sure virtual hard disk file name in following format
+ '''Ubuntu'''
+ - adjust the disk size to '''12.0GB''' and click on '''Create''' to create the VM
+
+This might take a couple of minutes
+
+(Note down the location of vdi image file when VirtualBox flashes it on the screen)
+
+=== Setting up Network Interface ===
+
+ - Select the VM from the left panel on Virtual box, right-click and open '''Settings'''
+ - Click on the '''Network''' title
+ - On '''Adapter 1''' While ''Enable'' Network Adapter selected choose Attached to be '''Bride Adapter'''. 
+
+=== Setting up boot device and Booting===
+
+ - Click on '''Storage''' title and select '''CD ROM icon''' with Caption "Empty" under the '''Controller:IDE''', Click on CD ROM icon under the '''Attribute''' on the left side to select
+ - Select '''Choose a disk file'''
+ - Locate the '''Ubuntu CD Image''' file you downloaded. Press OK to close the settings window.
+ - Right-click on VM and select Start to make a '''Normal Start'''. You should now see a separate window with Installation screen"
+
+=== Installation ===
+
+Installation is quite simple. You can figure it out yourself but make sure to select OpenSSH server when it asks. 
+
+
+
+== Password Based Authentication ==
+ - Go to your host machine.
+ - Start PuTTY utility, by double-clicking on its .exe file.
+ - In the Host Name field, enter the IP address/Hostname of ssh server
+[[Image(https://ws.learn.ac.lk/raw-attachment/wiki/netsec2018ssh/putty.png)]]
+
+ - Click open.
+ - It will ask for username followd by password.
+ - Logout/close this session.
+
+== Public Key Authentication ==
+
+=== Generating OpenSSH-compatible Keys for Use with PuTTY ===
+To generate a set of RSA keys with PuTTYgen
+
+ - Start the PuTTYgen utility, by double-clicking on its .exe file.
+ - For Type of key to generate, select SSH-2 RSA
+ - In the Number of bits in a generated key field, specify either 2048 or 4096 (increasing the bits makes it harder to crack the key by brute-force methods).
+ - Click the Generate button.
+[[Image(https://ws.learn.ac.lk/raw-attachment/wiki/netsec2018ssh/puttygen.png)]]
+
+ - Move your mouse pointer around in the blank area of the Key section, below the progress bar (to generate some randomness) until the progress bar is full.
+[[Image(https://ws.learn.ac.lk/raw-attachment/wiki/netsec2018ssh/puttygen1.png)]]
+
+ - A private/ public key pair has now been generated.
+ - In the Key comment field, enter your email address.
+ - The Key passphrase field & re-type the same passphrase in the Confirm passphrase field.9. Click the Save private key button and save as private_key .
+ -  Right-click in the text field labeled Public key for pasting into OpenSSH authorized_keys file and choose Select All.
+[[Image(https://ws.learn.ac.lk/raw-attachment/wiki/netsec2018ssh/puttygen2.png)]]
+
+ - Right-click again in the same text field and choose Copy.
+ - Open notepad; paste the public key and save it as txt file.
+
+=== Save The Public Key On The Server ===
+Now, you need to paste the copied public key in the file ~/.ssh/authorized_keys on your server.
+
+ - Log in to your destination server using putty with username apnic
+ - If your SSH folder does not yet exist, create it manually
+{{{
+mkdir ~/.ssh
+chmod 0700 ~/.ssh
+touch ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
+chmod 0644 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
+}}}
+ - Paste the SSH public key into your ~/.ssh/authorized_keys file:
+{{{
+sudo vi ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
+}}}
+ - Tap the '''i''' key on your keyboard & right-click your mouse to paste.
+ - To save, tap the following keys on your keyboard (in this order): '''Esc, :wq''' Enter.
+
+=== Create a PuTTY Profile to Save Your Server’s Settings ===
+In PuTTY, you can create (and save) profiles for connections to your various SSH servers, so you don't have to remember, and continually re-type, redundant information.
+ - Start PuTTY by double-clicking its executable file.
+ - PuTTY's initial window is the Session Category (navigate PuTTY's various categories, along the left- hand side of the window).
+ - In the Host Name field, enter the IP address/Hostname of ssh server
+ - Enter the port number in the Port field as 22 
+ - Along the left-hand side of the window, select Connection > SSH > Auth
+[[Image(https://ws.learn.ac.lk/raw-attachment/wiki/netsec2018ssh/puttyauth.png)]]
+
+ - Browse your file system and select your previously created private key.
+ - Return to the Session Category and enter a name for this profile in the Saved Sessions field.
+ - Click the Save button for the Load, Save or Delete a stored session area.
+Now you can go ahead and log in and you will not be prompted for a password. However, if you had set a passphrase on your public key, you will be asked to enter the passphrase at that time (and every time you log in, in the future).
+
+== Two Factor Authenticating ==
+We will enable two-factor authentication in our ubuntu server. To implement that we are going to use multifactor authentication with Google Authenticator.
+
+=== Google auhtenticator ===
+ - Install Google Authenticator from following link in your Android device/iPhone/iPad/BlackBerry/Firefox devices
+{{{
+https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/1066447?hl=en
+}}}
+ - Follow the instruction and install the app on your mobile.
+ - Or you can search for google-authenticator in Google Play or Apple Store.
+
+=== Create an Authentication Key ===
+ - Go to the Ubuntu VM
+ - Install google-authenticator module first:
+{{{
+sudo apt-get update
+sudo apt-get install libpam-google-authenticator
+}}}
+ - Log in as the user you’ll be logging in with remotely and run the google-authenticator command to create a secret key for that user.
+{{{
+$ google-authenticator
+
+Do you want authentication tokens to be time-based (y/n) y
+}}}
+ - You will get some QR code ouput like bellow:
+[[Image(https://ws.learn.ac.lk/raw-attachment/wiki/netsec2018ssh/qr.png)]]
+
+You will be prompted for some configurations.
+ - Scan the QRcode that appears with the Google Authenticator app or you can add the secret key Google Authenticator app.
+ - Save the backup codes listed somewhere safe. They will allow you to regain access if you lose your phone with the Authenticator app.
+ - Next it will ask several question; unless you have a good reason to, the defaults presented are sane. Just enter "y" for them.
+{{{
+Do you want me to update your "/home/myuser/.google_authenticator" file (y/n)
+Do you want to disallow multiple uses of the same authentication
+token? This restricts you to one login about every 30s, but it increases
+your chances to notice or even prevent man-in-the-middle attacks (y/n)
+By default, tokens are good for 30 seconds and in order to compensate for
+possible time-skew between the client and the server, we allow an extra
+token before and after the current time. If you experience problems with poor
+time synchronization, you can increase the window from its default
+size of 1:30min to about 4min. Do you want to do so (y/n)
+If the computer that you are logging into isn't hardened against brute-force
+login attempts, you can enable rate-limiting for the authentication module.
+By default, this limits attackers to no more than 3 login attempts every 30s.
+Do you want to enable rate-limiting (y/n)
+}}}
+
+=== Enable two factor authentication for SSH ===
+ - Edit the /etc/pam.d/sshd file
+{{{
+sudo vi /etc/pam.d/sshd
+}}}
+ - Add the following line:
+{{{
+auth required pam_google_authenticator.so
+}}}
+ - ''':wq''' Save and quit.
+ - Edit /etc/ssh/sshd_config file
+{{{
+sudo vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
+}}}
+ - Search for '''ChallengeResponseAuthentication''' and replace no with yes
+{{{
+ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes
+}}}
+ - ''':wq''' Save and quit.
+ - Now you need to reload the ssh service. You can do it to way:
+{{{
+sudo service ssh restart
+}}}
+
+=== Login to the server ===
+Try to ssh to the server from a new terminal. It will ask for the verification code.