= Linux Hands - On =

Through this hands-on you will install Ubuntu Server on a vm. 


== Setting up virtualbox ==
=== Installation of virtualbox and Downloading Ubuntu iso image ===
- Download and install virtualbox 6.x
- [https://ubuntu.com/download/server] Ubuntu image from the website (Ubuntu Server 20.04.2 LTS)


=== Creating the VM ===
 - Start virtualbox and Click on '''New''' button to create new virtual machine
 - Enter name of the VM as: '''LibreNMS Or iCinga'''. 


- Select OS Type: '''Linux'''
 - Select Version: '''Ubuntu (64-bit)'''
 - Then click on '''Continue''' button
 - Set VM's memory size to '''4096MB''' and click on Continue button
 - Set VM's hard disk option to '''Create a virtual hard disk now''' and then click on '''Continue'''
 - Select disk type to '''VDI'''
 - Select storage type to '''Fixed size''' and '''Continue'''
 - adjust the disk size to '''50.0GB''' and click on '''Create''' to create the VM

This might take couple of minutes

(Note down the location of vdi image file when virtualbox flashes it on the screen)

=== Setting up Network Interface ===

 - Select the VM from left panel on Virtual box, right click and open '''Settings'''
 - Click on the '''Network''' title
 - On '''Adapter 1''' While ''Enable'' Network Adapter selected choose Attached to be '''Bride Adapter''', then select the name of the network (please select only LAN connection, later it will help you to access switches) This virtual interface will work as the WAN port of the firewall (Can be connect from out side).

[[Image(network_bidge_adapter.png, 600px, nolink)]]

=== Setting up boot device and Booting===

 - Click on '''Storage''' title and select '''CD ROM icon''' with Caption "Empty" under the '''Controller:IDE''', Click on CD ROM icon under the '''Attribute''' on the left side to select
 - Choose '''Virtual Optical Disk File'''
 - Locate the '''Ubuntu CD Image''' file you downloaded from the above mentioned link. Press OK to close the settings window.
 - Right click on VM and select Start to make a '''Normal Start'''. You should now see a separate window with Installation screen"
[[Image(storage.png, 600px, nolink))]]

== Installation ==

=== Initial Installation options ===

 - Select '''English''' as language for the installation wizard
 - Select '''Ubuntu Server'''
 - Select '''English''' for VM's OS language
 - Select location by '''Others->Asia->Sri Lanka'''
 - Keep locales as default '''United States'''
 - Press '''No''' for configure Keyboard
 - Select '''English (US)''' for country of origin for the keyboard
Now it might take sometime to detect the hardware and load the necessary Linux modules

Note that it configure network with DHCP

 - Type host name as: '''LibreNMS or iCinga'''
 - When it asked, add a User by entering Your '''Name, your username, password''' (Please give a strong password. This VM will be directly exposed to the internet)
 - You may select '''No''' for not to encrypt home directory
 - Select '''Yes''' confirm the time-zone 

=== Disk Configuration ===

    Your have 50GB hard drive previously configured for your VM
 - Select '''Manual'''
 - Select the Disk '''SCSI3(0,0,0) (sda) - 12.0 GB ATA VBOX HARDDISK''' and Select '''Yes''' to create new partition table 
 - Then select Free Space just below SCSI3(0,0,0) (sda) to create following partitions and mount them as follows. 
 - Select '''Create new partition'''
    * Partition size: 512MB ---> Continue
    * Type : Primary
    * Location : Begining
    * Use as : Ext4
    * Change Mount point : /boot
    * Bootable flag : on
    * Select "Done setting up the partition" 
    * 
 - Again select FREE SPACE to create a primary partition for Linux SWAP (two times the RAM) SWAP 2GB
    * Partition size:2GB
    * Type : Primary
    * Location : Begining
    * Use as : swap area
    * Select "Done setting up the partition"

 - Then '''select Logical Volume Manager'''  and press '''Yes'''. 
 - Select '''create a Volume Group''' and name as "linux". When asked select '''FREE SPACE device (most probably /dev/sda free #1)''' and select '''yes''' for the confirmation
 - Go to '''create logical volumes''', select '''linux''', type logical volume name as '''root''', size : '''2GB'''
 - Repeat the same Create Logical Volume procedure and make another two volumes as usr and var

   * a logical volume name : usr, size : 4GB
   * a logical volume name : var, size : rest of the space 

These Logical Volumes can be used as partitions containing file system root(/), /usr and /var.

Now you will have 1 Volume Group and 3 Logical Volumes. 
 - Once you finish creating logical volumes select '''finish'''. You will be once again presented with Disk Partition Window.

 - [=#point1 Then Select just below the LVM VG linux, LV root - 2.0 GB Linux device-mapper (linear) option and change Use as to '''Ext4''' , Mount point : '''/''' and Done.] 
 - Then repeat same for the [#point1 previous step] in  usr Volume with following options
   * Use as : Ext4
   * Mount point : /usr
   * Done 
 - Then repeat same for the [#point1 previous step] in  var Volume with following options
   * Use as : Ext4
   * Mount point : /var
   * Done

 - Then finish the partitioning and confirm it to write to the disk  

Now it might take sometime to install the OS base.